Write an assignment for me brief

book reports how to Centre for Academic Success. A report is for me brief a systematic, well organised document which defines and analyses a subject or problem, and Do my personal which may include: the record of a sequence of events. interpretation of the significance of these events or facts. evaluation of the facts or results of research presented. For Me Brief! discussion of the outcomes of a decision or course of action. Reports must always be: Various courses require you to write reports (as opposed to essays), notably business and Do my college scientific or technical subjects. There are, however, different interpretations of what a report should look like, so it is important that you check with your course tutors and course documentation as to the report format and content expected. In addition, there is at times some blurring between what “essays”, “reports” and “assignments” are, so again check within your department. An Assignment Brief! Much of the advice given in Guide 1.01, How to is bad write an essay, also applies to reports. Always analyse your brief carefully, making sure that you fully understand the topic, question or case, that you know what the purpose of the report is, and who it is being written for. The clearer these things are in your mind, the easier the report will be to write and the more effective it will be. When you are researching, planning and eventually writing, continually ask yourself what the main purpose of the report is, what your objective is in writing it: is an assignment brief it to Do my college inform; to argue; to persuade; to evaluate? What does your reader want to see in the report and an assignment for me what will they do with it?

You first need to decide your basic framework. With your main topic or question as a central focus, jot down your initial thoughts and start to group these together. Essay Writing! You may find the Mind Mapping technique useful: see Guide 2.11. An Assignment For Me! Start to Dissertation editing services divide key ideas from an assignment brief, subsidiary information, and college continually ask yourself if everything is relevant; if it isn’t, then delete it. From your prior knowledge (from reading and lectures), you should be able to put together a fairly basic structure. You will now be able to plan your research. For Me Brief! Ask yourself what you need to find out, maybe in the form of questions that need to be answered, then approach your reading from this starting point. If you have specific information to look for, it will make your reading easier and less time consuming. (See Guide 2.02 Reading techniques).

Try not to gather too much information. Again, keeping your topic or question in mind, reject anything which is not 100% relevant. When you’re making notes, always try to Homework is bad summarise the main points as concisely as possible. An Assignment For Me! Remember to How to conclude an english ib make a comprehensive record of any sources consulted in order to be able to correctly reference these. Make a record of the Write an assignment for me brief research methods you used. Unlike essays, reports are written in sections with headings and sub-headings, which are usually numbered. How To Conclude Ib! Below are the Write an assignment for me possible components of a report, in essay personal, the order in which they would appear.

Check within your department which of these you should include. This should normally include the title, your name and the name of the tutor to whom it is Write an assignment brief being submitted, date of submission, your course/department, and if applicable, the name of the person and/or organisation who has commissioned the report. Avoid “fancy” fonts and effects and don’t include any clipart. Acknowledgements (usually just in long reports) A list of people and organisations both within and outside Birmingham City University who have helped you. Contents page (always included in reports of 4+ pages) A clear, well-formatted list of all the Dissertation services sections and sub-sections of the report. Don’t forget to put the Write for me brief page numbers! If applicable, there should be a separate list of tables, figures, illustrations and/or appendices after the main index. Make sure that the headings in this list correspond exactly with those in your main body. It is best to do your list of contents right at the end. Terms of reference (sometimes included) A definition of the task; your specific objective and purpose of writing. Even if you don't include this as a heading, it is a vital process to go through in your planning.

If it is Dissertation editing group work, who exactly is responsible for what? How long have you got? What is your task timescale? Why are you writing the Write an assignment brief report? What exactly are the assessment criteria?

Who are you writing the is bad quotes report for? Are you actually playing a role? What does your reader want to see? Procedure (sometimes included) How your research was carried out; how the for me brief information was gathered. Materials and methods (included if applicable) Similar to procedure, but more appropriate to scientific or engineering report writing. The following advice comes from Do my personal, Robert Barrass' book Scientists Must Write (Chapman Hall,1978:135-136): Summary (usually included in Write, longer reports; may be called Executive Summary, Abstract or Synopsis) This is a very brief outline of the report to give the potential reader a general idea of what it’s about. Do My College Essay Personal! A statement of: method/procedure used (unless included in separate section)

main conclusions and Write an assignment for me brief recommendations. Introduction (always included) This should show that you have fully understood the task/brief and that you are going to cover everything required. Indicate the basic structure of the report. You should include just a little background/context and indicate the reasons for writing the of the would be a first step for writing a descriptive essay report. You may include your terms of an assignment, reference and procedure/research methods if not covered elsewhere. Your introduction will often give an indication of the conclusion to Custom writing best the report. Main body/findings (always included) This is the substance of your report. The structure will vary according to the nature of the material being presented, with headings and sub-headings used to clearly indicate the an assignment different sections (unlike an essay).

A situationproblemsolutionevaluation approach may be appropriate. It is not sufficient to simply describe a situation. Your tutor will be looking for analysis and for a critical approach, when appropriate. Essay Ib! Charts, diagrams and tables can be used to reinforce your arguments, although sometimes it may be better to include these as an appendix (particularly if they are long or complicated). Do not include opinions, conclusions or recommendations in Write an assignment, this section. Results (possibly included in How to conclude essay ib, scientific/engineering reports) This section records your observations (in the past tense) and would normally include statistics, tables or graphs. An Assignment For Me Brief! Your conclusion should draw out the implications of your findings, with deductions based on the facts described in your main body.

Don’t include any new material here. Recommendations (sometimes included) These should follow on logically from your conclusion and be specific, measurable and achievable. They should propose how the situation/problem could be improved by suggesting action to be taken. A “statement of cost” should be included if you are recommending changes that have financial implications. Conclude An English Ib! Recommendations can be numbered if you wish. Appendices (sometimes included) An appendix (plural=appendices) is detailed documentation of points you outline in Write an assignment brief, your findings, for example, technical data, questionnaires, letters sent, tables, sketches, charts, leaflets etc. It is supplementary information which you consider to be too long or complicated or not quite relevant enough to include in your main body, but which still should be of Which of the good first a descriptive, interest to your reader. Each appendix should be referred to Write an assignment for me in your text. Do My College! You should not include something as an Write appendix if it is not discussed in the main body. This is a list giving the full details of all the sources to which you have made reference within your text. By far the most common method in use at Birmingham City University is the Help in writing Harvard method.

Bibliography (sometimes included) This is either a separate list of Write for me, sources which you have used during your research, but have not actually made reference to in your writing, or this list together with your list of references. Check in your department what you are expected to use. Glossary (occasionally included) Include a glossary if the report includes a lot of specialised vocabulary or acronyms which may not be familiar to the reader. Always use clear and concise English, avoiding jargon and colloquial language. Is Bad! Write in fairly short sentences.

Make sure you develop each paragraph sufficiently (usually a minimum of 5/6 sentences). An Assignment! Most of your report should be impersonal, although it may be appropriate in your conclusion or recommendations to include more personal language. Editing Services! Be extra careful with verb tenses. Grammar, spelling and punctuation. Links to further resources on writing reports. Last updated: 4 January 2011. Centre for Academic Success. City North : 0121 331 7685 Email. Millennium Point Learning Centre : 0121 202 2500 Email.

To book a tutorial at Millennium Point: 0121 202 2500.

How to Give Constructive Criticism: 6 Helpful Tips. “People seldom refuse help, if one offers it in the right way.” – A. C. Benson. Have you ever given suggestions that were subsequently ignored? Have you ever given critiques that were not well received? Have you ever wanted to give constructive criticism on something, but held back from doing so because you did not know how to convey your intentions across? How to an assignment for me Give Constructive Criticism in 6 Steps.

Today’s guide is on Homework how to give constructive criticism to someone. Whether at work or in relationships, sharing and receiving feedback is part and Write an assignment brief parcel of improvement. If you have ideas on Which of the would be a good first step for writing a descriptive essay how someone can improve, don’t hold your ideas back — rather, share your criticism constructively. Write An Assignment For Me. Of course, to an english be sensitive to others’ emotions at the same time and Write for me brief only offer feedback when you feel the editing services dc other person is ready to take it — otherwise, you may come across as imposing your opinions on others, especially if you repeatedly tell others what to do without them asking you for your thoughts. 1. Write For Me Brief. Use the quotes Feedback Sandwich method. The feedback sandwich method is a popular method of giving constructive criticism. It is Write for me brief, often used in Toastmasters and in Help letter the corporate environment.

I refer to for me brief the feedback sandwich as PIP, which stands for Positive-Improvement-Positive. I know there are people who use PIP to represent Praise-Improve-Praise which is How to an english essay ib, different from an assignment for me brief, my version of conclude essay ib PIP. Read on. With Positive-Improve-Positive , your feedback is broken down into 3 segments: You start off by focusing on the strengths — what you like about the item in question. Then, you provide the criticism — things you don’t like, the areas of improvement. An Assignment For Me. Lastly, you round off the feedback with (a) a reiteration of the positive comments you gave at of the following good step, the start and (b) the positive results that can be expected if the criticism is acted upon. It’s called the “feedback sandwich” because you wedge your criticism between an opening and an ending — like a patty wedged between two buns.

Here’s an brief example: you want to critique someone on their website. Here’s how PIP can be used: First layer, “P” for Positive, where you talk about what you like: “Great website! I love the services overall layout and an assignment for me how user-friendly it is. The overall design is nice and Homework pleasing to the eye, and consistent with your brand. The menu is Write an assignment for me, very accessible and makes it easy to access your site sections. I found the intro video helpful in giving me an Dissertation services dc overview of what you do.” Second layer, “I” for Improve, where you talk about the areas of improvement: “However, I thought that there are two things that can be better. Firstly, there is a lot of an assignment for me brief content in essay writing the sidebar that clutters up the usage experience. Perhaps if the sidebar content can be narrowed down to brief the key things, it would make it easier to navigate. Secondly, the font size is too small for me. Of The Would Be A Good For Writing A Descriptive. I found it hard to read as I had to an assignment keep squinting.” Last layer, “P” for Positive, where you reiterate the positive points and in writing letter the positive results to be expected when the improvement areas are worked on: “Overall, great work.

I love what you’ve done with the design, layout, and intro video. I think if the Write an assignment for me sidebar clutter can be removed and essay best the font size can be increased, it’d really create a fantastic usage experience for any visitor.” The feedback sandwich is a good framework for an assignment brief providing constructive criticism because by starting off with the positive comments (the first “P”), you let the receiver know that you are on his/her side and you are not there to attack him/her . You are also recognizing things that the receiver is doing right, rather than only talking about the Do my college personal issue areas which can come across as being rude — especially if both of you don’t really know each other to an assignment brief begin with. The receiver then becomes more receptive to your critique (the “I” in PIP). After sharing the things you don’t like or feel can be improved, round off the criticism with more positive points (the last “P”).

This helps your critique end off on a high note, rather than leaving the recipient with a sour taste in his/her mouth. It also reminds him/her what he/she is doing right and editing services reinforces the benefits of acting on an assignment brief your critique. The feedback sandwich method is How to essay ib, most appropriate when you are giving criticism to people you don’t know or don’t know well. Otherwise you may come across as very aggressive and rude if you just jump right into the critique. This is especially true in the Asian culture. Over time though, you can go right into the critique if you have established a rapport with the recipient and he/she is familiar with the way you think. Some people may dislike using the feedback sandwich as they think it’s silly to praise for the sake of brief it.

But the editing washington point of the feedback sandwich isn’t to give false praise or to butter people up. Write. People are often quick to criticize, judge, or even shame, and it downplays what others are doing well and Homework the effort they have put into their work. I see the feedback sandwich as a great way to (a) practice emotional generosity, because we sure can work on being more generous in supporting people’s hard work, (b) help the person learn what he/she is doing well, and (c) use this as the foundation to share what can be improved on. 2. Write An Assignment Brief. Focus on the situation, not the person. Constructive criticism focuses on the situation, not the person. Example #1 : Giving feedback on a person’s presentation style. Bad example : “You’re really boring. You kept going on and on about a certain point even though we were running behind time; it made me want to fall asleep!” — While perhaps said with good intentions to How to an english ib help the an assignment person improve (though overly critical here, ouch ), this is not exactly constructive criticism.

It makes a personal attack and makes it seem like he/she is the problem. Good example : [Apply the feedback sandwich first where you insert context and talk about the good points. Then, move on to the critique.] “… however, I thought some of the points could be delivered in a more concise manner. For example, the Dissertation washington dc presentation allotted time is an assignment for me, 30 minutes but we went over time by about 10 minutes, which is one-third of the Help intended time. Write An Assignment. Since there were 5 points, perhaps we could allocate 5 minutes per point, which would take up 25 minutes for 5 points, and then have 5 minutes left for closing? This would create a presentation that’s more well-paced.” — The situation is detached from the person.

Critique is given on the situation itself. Example #2 : Giving feedback on a person’s character trait. Bad example : “You’re always so negative. Editing. It’s so draining to be around you.” — Like Example #1, this feedback makes a personal attack at the person. It also does not tell the person what he/she can do, which makes it unconstructive.

Good feedback : [Insert context first before going into critique.] “… there are times when I was hurt by Write, the comments you made as they were somewhat demeaning. For example, the Do my last time I had a haircut, one of the first things you said was how ugly I looked. That took me by surprise and Write an assignment for me I felt quite down.” — While it’s tricky to give constructive criticism when it comes to someone’s personality, here it is How to essay, successfully accomplished by separating the person’s actions from Write for me, him/herself. This makes it easy to critique the behavior without offending the person in question. Some simple steps to apply this tip: Firstly, detach the situation from the person . This distinction is crucial. Take the person out of the equation and focus on the behavior / action / situation / issue at How to conclude ib, hand. Comment on the issue, not the Write an assignment for me brief person . For example, “The clothes are dirty” and not “You are dirty.” “The report is late” and not “You are late.” “The food is oily” and not “You are a bad cook.” Don’t make personal attacks . Services. Comments like “I’m so sick and tired of…” or “You’re so stupid / negative / lazy / unorganized / ” come across as accusatory. Stay away from attacks.

Don’t use active voice; use passive voice . Example of active voice vs. passive voice: “You gave a bad presentation.” vs. “The presentation you gave was bad.” Notice that the passive voice shifts the attention away from the person and brings it to the subject matter. Share how it affects you. Rather than go on and on about how bad the thing is, share how it affects you. This shifts the focus away from the person and onto yourself, which lets the person take a step back to evaluate the situation. It also gives him/her insight to where you are coming from. The third tip to providing constructive criticism is to be specific. I receive a lot of feedback in running PE. The more specific someone is when giving the feedback, the more actionable it is for me.

Here is an for me example of a vague vs. specific feedback: Vague : “Hey Celes, I’d love it if you can write some articles on communication.” Specific : “Hey Celes, don’t know if you’re taking suggestions but if you do, I’d love some advice on public speaking.” The first feedback is very broad — “communication” is a very general topic. To attempt to is bad quotes write an article on “communication” will result in Write an assignment brief a generic article which wouldn’t really help anyone. While I can pinpoint some subtopics under communication like “networking,” “body language,” “small talk,” and “public speaking,” the subtopics I choose may not be what the reader really wants, which then makes it a wasted effort.

With the second feedback, it is more actionable because it is so specific. It tells me right away that “Hey, there’s a request for dc public speaking articles,” after which I can then plan for an article or series on public speaking. An Assignment. There is conclude an english, no confusion. That’s not to say that vague feedback is stupid or bad. It’s just that specific feedback helps me understand the user’s needs more easily, which makes it easy for me to serve his/her request. Likewise, it’s the same for you — if you want very actionable outcomes, if you want people to help you in a more targeted way, give specific vs. vague feedback.

Specific feedback that doesn’t target the person as I shared in tip #2. Here is Write, another example of vague vs. College Personal. specific feedback. Say you’re giving feedback on a report: Vague : “Good effort on the report but I don’t like it. Write. I think there is room to be better.” — This feedback is hardly constructive. What do you mean by “don’t like it”? “Like” and “dislike” are subjective words. Unless objective criteria is used, it’s hard for the person to decipher what is the Dissertation editing washington dc problem. Specific : “Good effort but there are some things which can be improved – namely, (a) the formatting and (b) the final recommendations. Write An Assignment For Me Brief. The formatting is Help letter, not standardized – there are some parts that uses Arial and other parts that use Times New Roman. In a formal report, it is best to brief standardize the font.

For the Which of the following would good first for writing essay final recommendations, the ideas are good but they are too brief, especially ideas #1 and #3. The management would need more data to Write for me make their assessment.” — Great feedback that is specific. Help In Writing An Essay. It tells the receiver the Write for me brief key problem areas, why they are problem areas, and Do my college specific incidences where they appear. Here’s how to make your feedback specific and hence actionable: Focus more on objective points than subjective opinions.

Just saying “I don’t like it” is not helpful. On the other hand, stating the specific things you do not like, is helpful. Break your feedback down into an assignment brief, key points . Don’t give your feedback as one big lump. Break it down into various key points, then give your feedback point by of the good step for writing a descriptive, point. Give specific examples of each point . What are the exact situations or examples where the person exhibits the behaviors you highlighted in #2? Point them out. There is Write an assignment, no need to highlight every single example – just pointing out dc, 1-2 key examples per point will be sufficient. An Assignment. The intention here is to (a) bring the person’s awareness to things which he/she may be oblivious about and (b) illustrate what you mean. 4. Comment on things that can be actioned upon. The whole point of giving feedback is to help the person improve. Hence talk about things which the person can do something about, rather than things that are out of his/her control.

Critiquing the former makes your criticism constructive; critiquing the latter just makes the person feel bad because he/she can’t do anything about it, even if he/she wants to. While you can make points on latter especially if they are very crucial, balance things out by Help in writing an essay, talking about things he/she can control. Let’s illustrate this with an for me brief example. Say your friend is in a singing competition and Homework quotes she has entered the finals. Write An Assignment For Me Brief. She asks you to critique her performance. Here, actionable critique would be comments regarding her overall performance, her pitch, her intonation, her gestures while singing, and Custom essay writing perhaps even her song choice. On the an assignment brief other hand, talking about how her voice is too husky/low probably isn’t too helpful because it’s not something she can change; if she can get into the finals, it probably isn’t a real “issue” to begin with. Not only Do my essay, that, such a feedback is Write an assignment for me, highly subjective. Custom Essay Writing Best. There are people who like husky voices just as there are others who prefer other kinds of brief voices. While you can point out things you don’t like (say if you find her voice too husky), making it the center of in writing letter your critique probably isn’t going to Write an assignment be very helpful for your friend’s preparation.

In another example, say your friend just set up a new restaurant. He signs a lease for 12 months, and the location happens to have average human traffic. He then approaches you for advice to market his restaurant. Saying things like “change the location of Help in writing letter your restaurant” really isn’t helpful at Write an assignment brief, all, because the Which of the following would be a good a descriptive lease has already been signed. You can point out that location is critical and you’d recommend that he consider places with high human traffic for Write for me brief his next branch or if he’s open to changing his restaurant location before the lease ends, but focusing all your time to bash his “poor” location choice isn’t really going to help. Other unactionable critique includes saying that he should change his restaurant name or the decor especially if they have already been finalized and your critique is only based on subjective thoughts vs. hard data. On the other hand, actionable critique would be to Do my college essay personal “invite food bloggers for food tasting,” “do a media launch,” “give time-sensitive promotional discounts,” and “place advertisements in lifestyle magazines.” Knowing what’s actionable and unactionable requires you to be empathetic. Understand the person’s situation and his/her objectives, then provide your critique based on that.

5. Give recommendations on how to improve. When all is said and done, give recommendations on what the person can do to improve. Firstly, your recommendations will tie up your critique in a nice bow. Everyone has varying perspectives, which means every critique can be interpreted in different ways. Giving recommendations will give the person a clear idea of what you have in mind. Brief. Secondly, recommendations provide a strong call-to-action. You want the person to act on what you have shared, not procrastinate. With your recommendations, I recommend to (a) be specific with your suggestions and (b) briefly explain the rationale behind the recommendation.

Example : Giving feedback on a presentation. Weak recommendation : “The presentation is too long. Make it shorter.” — Not very helpful. Reducing the presentation time can be done via many ways — cutting down the online best points, removing examples, talking faster, and so on. For Me. What exactly do you mean? Part of giving constructive criticism includes being specific (see Tip #3). Good recommendation : “Instead of 2-3 examples per essay, point which detracts from the main message, limit 1 example to each point.

This way, the presentation is more succinct and impactful. Doing this, the Write an assignment for me brief presentation length will easily be reduced from 30 minutes to 20 minutes.” — Great recommendation that is specific. Rationale is also provided which explains your point of view to would first a descriptive the person. My final tip for giving constructive criticism is not to make assumptions. When providing criticism, do so within what you know as fact about the person and the subject. There’s no need to Write an assignment brief make any assumptions. Not only does it make the person look bad, it also makes you look bad — especially when your assumption is wrong. Here are 3 examples to highlight the difference between an conclude an english essay assumption and a critique/comment:

Example #1 on public speaking: “The speech was mediocre. The speaker appeared nervous and an assignment was not able to lead the washington dc audience.” (Criticism) “The speaker never had any public speaking experience.” (This is an an assignment brief assumption and is not necessarily true. Seasoned public speakers can be nervous when giving speeches, especially in an new environment. To assume that someone doesn’t have any public speaking experience just because he/she appears nervous is quite pompous.) “This person speaks with an accent I’m not familiar with.” (Comment/Observation) “This person is not a native English speaker.” (Not necessary true. Just because you don’t recognize the accent or you can’t understand it as well doesn’t mean that English isn’t the person’s native language — it just means that you aren’t familiar with the Homework is bad accent. I find that people who are less traveled tend to think that anyone who doesn’t speak with an Write for me brief American accent is not a native English speaker, when there are many developed countries where English is conclude an english essay, their first language and the citizens are simply bilingual or trilingual.) “The new colleague seems to an assignment for me brief be anxious when around male co-workers. She keeps fidgeting and she’s not able to articulate herself well.” (Comment/Observation) “The person was brought up in an all-girls environment.” (Assumption.

This is not necessarily true. Anxiety around the opposite gender can happen to anyone.) As they say, when you assume, you make an “ASS out of U and ME.” I have people made assumptions about me before while giving feedback, and it creates an Custom essay writing online embarrassing situation when the assumptions turn out to be wrong, especially when they were bad assumptions. Not having a presumptuous attitude will go a long way in any communication, not just in Write for me brief giving criticism. Check out the Dissertation editing dc following related content: Hi!

I'm Celes. An Assignment Brief. I write about Do my essay personal, personal development, relationships, productivity, career and for me brief more. If you found this article helpful, join my free newsletter where I update you on my latest content and share messages that I don't post here. :)

Non-visualisation of cavum septi pellucidi: implication in prenatal diagnosis? This manuscript reviews congenital anomalies and imaging findings associated with non-visualisation of the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) found on prenatal sonogram. Observation of a normal cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is an important landmark in the second and third trimester prenatal ultrasound evaluation of the fetal brain, and its visualisation provides reassurance of normal central forebrain development. Non-visualisation of the CSP is a prenatal sonographic finding, which in brief, most cases is conclude an english ib associated with neuroanatomical anomalies that include agenesis of the corpus callosum, schizencephaly, septo-optic dysplasia, holoprosencephaly, chronic hydrocephalus and acquired fetal brain injury. Isolated septal deficiency, a rare but controversial entity, is Write brief considered a variant of normal. Common pitfalls in the sonographic evaluation of CSP include columns of the fornix that mimic CSP, and prominent cavum vergae that can simulate non-visualisation of the CSP.

When non-visualisation of the CSP is suspected, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the fetal brain can confirm and evaluate associated anomalies. Visualisation of the CSP is an integral component of the prenatal ultrasound and its non-visualisation is associated with other malformations, diagnosis of which is aided by MRI. • Cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is an Custom essay online best important landmark in the prenatal ultrasound evaluation of the Write an assignment brief, fetal brain, and is bad, is a marker for Write for me brief, normal central forebrain development . • Non-visualisation of the CSP is most commonly associated with other neuroanatomical abnormalities . • Examination of the fetal brain by MRI can confirm the sonographic findings and conclude an english essay, evaluate for associated anomalies . The cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is an important landmark in Write brief, the evaluation of the Help in writing an essay, fetal neural axis, identified as a fluid-filled space between the leaves of the Write an assignment for me, septum pellucidum. Visualisation of the CSP has become an essential component of a second and third trimester prenatal ultrasound [ 1 , 2 ]. Correctly identifying its presence or absence is very important in predicting the course of editing services washington, fetal central forebrain development. CSP non-visualisation is rarely isolated; it is typically associated with malformations of prosencephalic development, which include agenesis/dysgenesis of corpus callosum (CC), schizencephaly, septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and spectrum of holoprosencephaly (HPE), or non-visualisation of the CSP is secondary to a disruptive process caused by prolonged ischaemia, resulting in necrotic disruption of the septum pellucidum, as can be seen in severe chronic hydrocephalus, and acquired fetal brain injury. Barkovich et al. [ 3 ] have stressed the importance of absence of the septum pellucidum as a valuable clue in the diagnosis of these central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. A step-wise algorithm based on post-natal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was described to facilitate the Write for me, diagnostic process, which would be challenging to apply in prenatal ultrasound given technical and patient related limitations. Nevertheless, this finding should prompt detailed sonographic imaging with the assistance of Which following be a first, fetal MRI to overcome the limitations posed by ultrasound. This pictorial essay reviews the technical considerations, embryology, anatomy and spectrum of Write an assignment, diseases associated with non-visualisation of the in writing, CSP imaged by prenatal sonography and MRI.

Prognostic information is briefly addressed for the various diseases. Important sonographic pitfalls in the assessment of the CSP and helpful differentiating features amongst the Write for me brief, neuroanatomical abnormalities will also be discussed. Sonography is the imaging technique of choice for prenatal screening of conclude essay ib, fetal abnormalities, given its widespread availability, low cost, and Write an assignment for me brief, real-time evaluation of the fetus. High-frequency transducers, transvaginal sonography, dedicated 3D transducers have increased the ability of ultrasound to demonstrate structures or pathological conditions. Limitations inherent to sonography include operator dependency and skill, limited field of Do my essay, view and for me, visualisation in the setting of maternal obesity, oligohydramnios and fetal head engagement. In particular, sonographic evaluation of the fetal CNS is limited by non-specific appearance of some anomalies, subtle parenchymal and migrational abnormalities that cannot be visualised, and advanced gestational age preventing evaluation of the posterior fossa, brain stem and entire brain.

Consequently, sonographic findings may be inconclusive or insufficient to guide management. Fetal MRI has overcome many of the obstacles associated with sonography with the advent of Custom, ultrafast T2-weighted imaging, yielding images of for me brief, high soft-tissue contrast and Help in writing an essay letter, spatial resolution [ 4 ]. Fetal MRI is not limited by fetal position, an important factor for assessment of intracranial anatomy and maternal obesity. An Assignment? The multiplanar capability of Dissertation editing dc, MRI allows direct visualisation of intracranial anatomy in a manner not possible by sonography. Write Brief? Fetal MRI can confirm or exclude anomalies detected by sonography, and can demonstrate migrational and other disorders which may be difficult to appreciate sonographically. The additional information can be used to Help an essay better counsel patients during pregnancy about the cause of CNS abnormality and outcome of the fetus. Fetal MRI is limited by an assignment, fetal motion during image acquisition, which will degrade image quality, although patient fasting prior to the study would decrease the motion.

Normal anatomy of CSP in Help in writing, utero. a , b Occipito-bregmatic and coronal transvaginal ultrasound scans at 21 weeks’ gestation demonstrate normal appearance of CSP ( arrow ) and CC ( dotted arrow ). CSP should be seen by 18–20 weeks’ gestation. c , d Axial and coronal T2-weighted MRI at brief, 33 weeks’ gestation demonstrate normal appearance of CSP ( arrow ) and CC ( dotted arrow ) Absence of a fluid-filled CSP can result from primary prosencephalic maldevelopment or a secondary process with resultant destruction of the septal leaflets. It is associated with a range of disorders: agenesis/dysgenesis of the CC, schizencephaly, SOD, HPE, severe chronic hydrocephalus and services dc, acquired fetal brain injury. Rarely, agenesis of the CSP can be isolated. Agenesis/dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. ACC. a , b Axial ultrasound and MRI at 33 and 35 weeks’ gestation respectively demonstrates non-visualisation of the CSP, parallel orientation of lateral ventricles ( arrows ), and colpocephaly ( dotted arrow ). c Coronal T2-weighted MRI through the for me brief, frontal horns demonstrates absence of the CSP, ACC with steer horn configuration of the frontal ventricles ( arrow ) Open-lip schizencephaly. a Coronal ultrasound through the atria at 30 weeks’ gestation with non-visualisation of the CSP (not shown) demonstrates a supratentorial cyst ( asterisk ), with a differential diagnosis of in writing letter, porencephaly versus schizencephaly. b Coronal T2-weighted MRI at 32 weeks’ gestation demonstrates absence of the an assignment for me brief, CSP and bilateral frontoparietal clefts lined by grey matter ( arrow ) extending from the Help an essay, pial surface to the lateral ventricle consistent with open-lip schizencephaly.

The extent of postnatal impairment depends on the location and extent of the cleft, with cleft bilaterality being the Write an assignment for me, major prognostic factor. Unilateral clefts tend to be associated with hemiparesis, whereas bilateral clefts predict quadriparesis [ 19 ]. Other common sequelae include intellectual disability, hypotonia and essay ib, seizures. SOD. a Coronal ultrasound through the frontal horns demonstrates non-visualisation of the CSP and “squared off” morphology of the for me, frontal horns ( asterisk ) suggestive of Homework, SOD. Columns of fornix are inferior to the CSP ( arrows ). Write For Me? b Coronal T2-weighted MRI displays characteristic “batwing” configuration of the frontal horns with communication between the horns ( asterisk ). c Axial T2-weighted MRI at 32 weeks of gestation confirms the absence of CSP and colpocephaly. There is separation of the an english, foremost portion of the Write an assignment brief, anterior horns ( arrows ). No cortical dysplasia was present.

Postnatal ophthalmological evaluation was consistent with optic nerve hypoplasia. SOD-plus. Prenatal ultrasound revealed non-visualisation of CSP and large periventricular cyst. Services Washington Dc? a , b Coronal T2-weighted MRI at Write an assignment brief, 27 weeks’ gestation demonstrates open-lip schizencephaly ( asterisk ) in the left frontoparietal region. There is absence of Homework is bad, CSP, communication between the frontal horns ( arrows ) and dysgenesis of CC with absence of body ( dotted arrow ) Alobar HPE. a Coronal ultrasound at 21 weeks’ gestation demonstrates apparent fusion of thalami ( arrow ), and overlying supratentorial CSF-filled cavity without discernible cortex, although significant near-field reverberation artefact was present. Sonographic considerations included alobar HPE and hydranencephaly and patient chose to continue with pregnancy. b Coronal T2-weighted MRI at 31 weeks gestation confirms the Write an assignment, presence of Do my college essay personal, fused thalami and Write for me, absent falx. c Axial T2-weighted MRI demonstrates absence of CSP and non-cleavage of the conclude an english, hemispheres. The falx and an assignment brief, interhemispheric fissure are completely absent.

The single crescent-shaped forebrain ventricle ( arrow ), monoventricle (“Amadeus ventricle”), openly communicates with a large dorsal cyst ( asterisk ). d Sagittal T2-weighted MRI demonstrates communication of the monoventricle ( arrow ) with a large dorsal cyst ( asterisk ) There is a wide phenotypic variance for Dissertation washington, infants with HPE. An Assignment? The severe forms are incompatible with life, and genetic counselling for families is recommended. In milder forms of HPE, a medical and genetic workup is recommended as associated conditions are common, including movement disorders, epilepsy and be a good first step for writing essay, hypopituitarism. Chromosomal analysis is also useful for prognosis. In a population-based case–control study, the survival rate beyond 1 year of age was decreased to 2 % in patients with cytogenetic abnormalities, compared with 30–54 % survival rate among patients without cytogenetic abnormalities [ 28 ]. Severe chronic hydrocephalus: aqueductal stenosis. a Occipito-bregmatic ultrasound view at 23 weeks demonstrates non-visualisation of the for me, CSP and moderate but non-specific bilateral symmetric ventriculomegaly of the lateral ventricles. b Axial ultrasound at 29 weeks demonstrates progression in ventriculomegaly and macrocephaly. c Axial T2-weighted MRI at Custom writing best, 30 weeks’ gestation demonstrates absent CSP, enlargement of the third ventricle ( arrow ) and bilateral lateral ventricles with colpocephaly ( asterisk ). d Sagittal T2-weighted MRI demonstrates lack of visualisation of a fluid-filled aqueduct of Sylvius ( arrow ), suspicious for stenosis. Postnatal MRI following decompression of the ventricular system confirmed aqueductal stenosis. Chiari malformation presents with a variety of symptoms, including dysphagia, upper extremity weakness, apneic spells and Write for me brief, aspiration.

Decompressing posterior fossa structures, closing any neural tube defect, and correcting hydrocephalus via shunt placement are the Custom essay best, main interventions in for me, post-natal surgical management [ 31 ]. Acquired fetal brain injury occurs when there is Which be a first for writing a descriptive destruction of previously formed tissue. For Me Brief? However, injury to structures necessary for an english ib, normal brain development can also occur such that malformative and destructive lesions present simultaneously. Whether non-visualisation of the CSP is an associated finding depends on Write timing of the insult. There are numerous risk factors: underlying maternal disease, acute maternal disorders, infection, metabolic disease of the fetus, feto-fetal transfusion syndrome, iatrogenic causes and writing online best, toxic agents. Prenatal ultrasound is an effective screening tool for porencephaly, haemorrhage and ventriculomegaly.

However, fetal MRI is superior in showing acute and chronic manifestations of acquired brain lesions [ 32 ]. Hydranencephaly. a Coronal ultrasound at Write an assignment brief, 20 weeks’ gestation demonstrates non-visualisation of CSP, and significant CSF-filled supratentorial cavity ( asterisk ). Anterior falx is faintly present ( arrow ), which excludes alobar HPE. How To An English? b Axial T2-weighted MRI at 22 weeks’ gestation demonstrates extensive destruction of hemispheres. Write An Assignment For Me? There is sparing of the cerebellum ( c ), midbrain ( mid ), thalami ( t ) and occipital lobes ( occ ), which are regions supplied by the vertebrobasilar artery. Cortical rim is Do my absent excluding severe hydrocephalus and confirming hydranencephaly. Isolated agenesis of cavum septi pellucidi. Isolated agenesis of CSP. Coronal T2-weighted MRI at 28 weeks’ gestation demonstrates “squared off” configuration and brief, fusion of the How to conclude essay ib, anterior horns of the lateral ventricle, thus confirming absence of the CSP.

The CC was normal ( arrow ), and no other anomaly was identified. The child had a normal neuro-opthalmic examination, with normal postnatal imaging. Pseudo-presence of the CSP: columns of the fornix. Axial ultrasound through the fornix at 25 weeks’ gestation demonstrates its tri-linear configuration, which can be mistaken for a normal CSP. The lateral echogenic lines ( solid arrows ) result from the lateral margins of fornices while the central line ( dotted arrow ) represents the interface between the fornices. a , b , c Pseudo-absence of CSP: cavum vergae. Write An Assignment? a Coronal ultrasound through the frontal horns demonstrates non-visualisation of the CSP. The patient was referred for Dissertation services washington, fetal MRI to assess for associated anomalies. b Coronal T2-weighted MRI demonstrates prominent CSP ( asterisk ) and lateral displacement of Write an assignment brief, CSP leaflets mimicking absent CSP. c Axial T2-weighted MRI demonstrates extension of prominent CSP posterior to letter foramen of Monro consistent with cavum vergae. Simplified algorithm to assist in the diagnosis of intracranial pathology associated with absence of CSP.

Adapted from [ 3 ] The evaluation of the CSP is considered by many current guidelines as an integral part of prenatal sonogram. Visualisation of a normal CSP is a strong indicator of proper development of the Write an assignment, forebrain Non-visualisation of the CSP can be a subtle sonographic finding, which in most cases is associated with a variety of anomalies as described in this pictorial essay. If an Dissertation editing abnormality is suspected, MRI can confirm the finding and optimise evaluation of Write, intracranial anatomy. Open Access This article is in writing an essay distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. K. Hosseinzadeh 1 Email author J. Luo 1 A. Borhani 1 L. Hill 2 1. For Me? Department of Radiology, Presbyterian South Tower University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh USA 2. Magee Women’s Hospital Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Diagnostic Ultrasound University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh USA. Published in cooperation with. .RIS Papers Reference Manager RefWorks Zotero. .BIB BibTeX JabRef Mendeley. .RIS Papers Reference Manager RefWorks Zotero. .BIB BibTeX JabRef Mendeley. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips.

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african mask essay Early to mid 20th century. Provenance: From a private Rhode Island Collection. An Assignment For Me. THIS MASK IS NO LONGER IN MY COLLECTION, it has been sold on www.RandTribal.com. Do My College. masks in the same style are quite rare. Black Punu masks are linked to a judiciary process such as searching for witches, an enquiry into. a crime, or a trial by poison. masks represent angry spirits, and it is therefore considered potentially dangerous to handle them. According to Perrois (1979: 235) the. black patina on Punu masks is presumably an index of its more serious or darker role in judiciary services, potentially condemning the. living, whereas Punu masks layered in white kaolin are used in Write an assignment for me brief celebrations and Which would be a good first step, funerary ceremonies, where the white surface marked. An Assignment. them as ushers of the other world. As with the white-faced masks they are found in Homework different forms: hairstyles with double shells, rounded. An Assignment For Me Brief. central shells or flattened transverse shells and are found with linear or dotted scarification. for reference purposes. #8226; Musee Dapper, Paris, ex-coll. S. Chauvet. H.: 28 cm. #8226; Musee Dapper, Paris. H.: 27 cm. #8226; Musee du quai Braniy, Paris, ex-coll. A. Fourquet, M. de Vlaminck. H.: 30 cm. #8226; Coll.

Arman. H.: 30,5 cm (Also pictured further down in this page) #8226; Coll. B. Dulon, before 1927 H.: 32 cm. #8226; Museum of Science, Buffalo (49117). H.: 26cm Private coll., Paris. Homework Quotes. H.: 29 cm. #8226; Musee des Beaux-Arts, Dijon (DG 691). H.: 30 cm. #8226; Ex-coll. Kerchache, Tara Gillon. H.: 33 cm. #8226; Musee Barbier-Mueller, Geneva 11019), 1939. H.: 26 cm.

#8226; British Museum, London |AF 27-245]. H.: 28,5 cm. #8226; Institute of Art, Detroit |69460|. H.: 28,3 cm. #8226; Coll. Simonis. H.: 32 cm. #8226; Coll. Bellier, ex-coll. Write An Assignment For Me Brief. Palles. H.: 24 cm. #8226; Sotheby's New York, 14/11/1995, lot 58. Do My College Personal. H : 26 cm. #8226; Musee Dapper, Paris, ex-coll.

Ration. H.: 30cm. Wood, polychrome; H. Write For Me Brief. 30.5 cm. Formerly in the Tranpisch Collection. Formerly in the A. Fourquet Collection. #8212; L. Perrois, Arts du Gabon, 1979, no.

264. #8212; A. Of The Following Would Be A. Fourquet, Chefs-d'oeuvres de 1'Afrique: les masques pounou, L'Oeil, April 1982. SALE N08029 AUCTION DATE 11 Nov 04. Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer's Premium: 28,800 USD. An Assignment. height 11 1/4 in. 28.5cm. of overall graceful proportions and hollowed, oval form, the protruding demi-lune lips beneath. the Help naturalistic nose framed by squinting eyes, arching brows and ears folded forword, the. forehead with a deeply serrated medial ridge and wearing a striated coiffure in a crested topknot. framed by delicate tresses, the whole surrounded by a flange at the perimeter; fine blackened. and slightly encrusted patina. Madame Schwob, Brussels. Merton D. Simpson Gallery, New York, May 1974.

Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Art d'Afrique dans les Collections Belges, June 29. Write An Assignment Brief. - October 30, 1963, catalogue number 768. Is Bad Quotes. The so-called black Punu masks are rare, with masks of this exceptional quality limited to less. than a dozen. For related black Punu masks see Perrois (1979: figure 258) for a mask formerly. in the Helena Rubinstein Collection; (ibid.: figure 264) for Write another; (ibid.: figure 270) for one. formerly in the Vlaminck Collection; Roy (1992: figure 101) for one in the Stanley Collection; Robbins and Nooter (1989: 353, figure 915) for one in the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo; (ibid.: 355, figure 920) for another in the Mnuchin Collection. of similar refinement and quality, said to editing services washington, be modeled after beautiful women in brief the community. According to Perrois (1979: 235) the black patina on Punu masks is presumably an index of its. more serious or darker role in judiciary services, potentially condemning the living, whereas. Punu masks layered in kaolin are used in celebrations and funerary ceremonies, where the conclude ib white.

surface marked them as ushers of the other world. Galerie J. Germain, Montreal. Private collection Paris. Ex Alain de Monbrison Gallery. Musee Dapper, Paris. frequently in collections outside of Africa, black masks in the same style are quite. rare. Perrois suggests that the difference in color may indicate a change in. function. Write An Assignment For Me. Among the Galoa and the Ivili of the lower Ngounie River, white okouyi. initiation masks are painted black to transform them temporarily into is bad quotes, judgement. masks with the power to discover witches (Perrois 1979:253). features are smooth, round, and naturalistic, with protuberant, crescent-shaped. An Assignment For Me. eyes; a large, domed forehead; delicate, slightly puckered lips; and a beautiful. masks whose distinctive style has often been compared to the no masks of Japan.

Most of. these masks from the Equatorial Forests have white faces with brilliant red lips and often. nine diamond-shaped scars on the forehead. Dissertation Services. The eyes are bulging half-moons. A number. of different elaborate hairstyles are represented. An Assignment Brief. Himmelheber (1960: ill. p.309) indicated that the masks are worn by men who dance on. stilts and carry a whip. They represent the spirit of a dead woman returned from the land. of the dead. Conclude An English. The Swedish missionary Efraim Andersson saw a similar mask in Zanaga. village in the Kota area; there the mask was used in for me brief funeral ceremonies and in an. ancestral cult (Andersson 1953: 346). Several early reports state that the masks belong.

to a society called mukui. beauty (the horizontal lines between nostrils and Custom best, ears represent small chains worn as. jewelry in the area) white is the color of death. ART MODERNE CONTEMPORAIN, ARTS DECORATIFS DU XXE SIECLE, ART AFRICAIN ET LIVRES MODERNES. SALE PF4098 AUCTION DATE 18 Jul 04 2:00 PM. [A PUNU/TSANGUI MASK, GABON] Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer's Premium: 7,200 EUR. haut.

30 cm, 11 3/4 in. Ce masque constitue un tres bel exemple du style developpe en pays Tsangui, a la frontiere du Gabon et du Congo. Le visage inscrit dans un. An Assignment For Me. ovale regulier est orne des scarifications caracteristiques, une longue bande horizontale parcourant le milieu du visage, une autre, en T inverse, gravee sur le haut front bombe. Les traits sont sculptes avec une grande finesse, la ligne des yeux plisses et fendus repondant a celle fortement. arquee des sourcils. La haute coiffure en dome ajoute au tres grand equilibre formel de ce masque. Condition Note: Legers eclats de surface.

This mask constitutes a very beautiful example of the style developed in Tsangui country, at the border of Gabon and Congo. The face registered. in How to conclude an english essay a regular oval is decorated characteristic scarifications, a long horizontal band traversing the medium of the face, another, in an assignment for me T reversed, engraved on the high face curvature. Homework Quotes. The features are carved with a large smoothness, the line of the folded and split eyes answering that strongly. arched of the eyebrows. The haute coiffure in dome adds to the very great formal balance of this mask. The face, in the white beginning, was. coated with a brown juice, as well as the interior of the mask. Merton Simpson, New-York. Reproduit dans Quelques Impressions d'Afrique, Chateau Notre-Dame des Fleurs, Vence, 1996, p. Write For Me Brief. 287. Wood and Homework, pigment.

Ex-coll J. Mueller. Musee Barbier-Mueller, Geneva (inventory # 1019.30) The Arman Collection. SALE NY7473 AUCTION DATE 19 May 00 10:15 AM. Brief. ESTIMATE 30,000#8212;40,000 USD. Lot Sold. How To An English Ib. Hammer Price with Buyer's Premium: 45,600 USD. height 12 in. (31.8cm.) of hollowed oval form, and pierced along the rim for attachment, the protruding diamond-shaped face with raised pursed lips. and slit coffee bean eyes set deeply beneath the arching brows, the Write for me brief domed forehead beneath a tripartite coiffure, and Homework, framed. by semicircular ears protruding to the sides; exceptionally fine encrusted kaolin patina on the face and encrusted blackened. patina on the coiffure; collection reference no.

7. Acquired from George Vidal, Paris, 1968. Brussels, Salles du Theatre National de Belgique, Arts Primitifs, 14 April-5 June, 1971. Brussels, SocietE Generale de Banque, Masques du Monde, 28 June-31 July, 1974. Brussels, Centre Culturel du Credit Communal de Belgique, Arts Premiers d'Afrique Noire, 5 March-17 April, 1977. Write An Assignment. Claerhout, Arts Primitifs, 1971:no. Homework Quotes. 40, not illustrated. Dorisinfang-Smets, Masques du Monde, 1974:no. 69. Guimiot, Arts Premiers d'Afrique Noire, 1977:83. Write For Me. some had scarification and others did not. Although women with scarification were admired for their strength in enduring this. process, it was not a universal practice.

See Rijksmuseum Kroller-Muller, Sculpture from Africa and Dissertation editing services dc, Oceania (1990: no. 57) for. another fine example without scarification. SALE PF5006 AUCTION DATE 06 Jun 05 5:00 PM. EXCEPTIONNEL MASQUE, PUNU, GABON. [An exceptional Punu mask, Gabon] Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer's Premium: 594,400 EUR. Le visage, au modele tres raffine, est sculpte sous un large front surmonte d'une coiffe a coques multiples disposees en. etoile, les extremites recourbees sur le pourtour du visage.

Tres grande delicatesse dans la gravure des traits : sourcils. en leger relief, ombres, yeux « en grain de cafe » quasiment clos, paupieres a peine gonflees et fendues selon une. courbe tres tendue ; orbites en leger creux determinant des pommettes bien marquees, nez a l#8217;arete fine, bandeau. frontal a decor finement strie. La bouche se distingue par sa facture remarquable, levres etirees vers l#8217;avant, delicatement ourlees, legerement ouverte, laissant entrevoir a la fois la langue et les dents - les incisives superieures. limees en biseau. L'usure dans l'enduit de kaolin (pembe) laisse apparaitre un bois clair. Rehauts rouge fonce sur les. levres et les scarifications a douze ecailles, et noir sur la coiffe. Excellent etat de conservation. The face, with modelled very refined, is Write an assignment for me carved under a broad overcome face of a cap with multiple hulls laid out out of. star, the ends bent on the circumference of the essay best face. Very great delicacy in Write an assignment for me brief the engraving of the features: eyebrows in. light relief, ombres, eyes in almost closed coffee bean, eyelids hardly inflated and split according to conclude an english essay, a very tended. curve; orbits in for me brief light hollow determining of the Help in writing well marked knobs, noses with the for me fine edge, frontal scarification with. finely striated decoration. The mouth is characterized by its remarkable invoice, lips stretched forwards, delicately. hemmed, the slightly open one, showing the possibility for at the same time the language and the teeth - the upper. incisors filed in bevel. Wear in the kaolin coating (pembe) lets appear a clear wood.

Appreciations dark red on the lips. and scarifications with twelve scales, and black on the cap. Of The First For Writing Essay. Excellent state of Write an assignment conservation. Which Of The Be A For Writing Essay. Collecte dans la region de Mouila par le Dr. F., medecin de l'ecole de Sante navale, specialiste des maladies tropicales. Conserve depuis par la famille. Write An Assignment For Me Brief. From 1927 to 1930 Dr. F was attached to the Pasteur Lambarene Institute, where he became acquainted with Dr. Schweitzer, who also worked in Gabon.

It was likely that during this period Dr. F collected this mask. coiffure. According to Which of the good for writing essay, Perrois (personal communication, March 2005), #8220; even if it is brief rarely to college, be seen in statuary and. masks of this type, the for me treatment of the coiffure and the carving on How to ib the face are not unknown in the South Gabon region. where it was first found. The #8220;multiple shell#8217;s over lapping the face and the same type of coiffure have been seen in the. Eshira tribe as well as in for me the Punu, the Lumbu and the Tshogo tribes, in regions stretching from the Fougamo region in.

Gabon, the college essay Mouila and Mimongo, in the mountains of Mayombe, the hills of the an assignment high Ngounie, all the way to the edge of. 257 and 38). According to Felix (1995 Annexes), this coiffure could come from the ancient Bayaka of Loango (the #8220; pre Punu#8217;s#8221;) as would be suggested by the appearance of the yaa style statues from college personal, Congo Brazzaville or the Lumbu. #8220;fetish#8221; from the Write for me brief Gabonese/Congo coastal region (from Mayoumba to an essay letter, Pointe - Noire). with a chamfered edge, an old tradition in the south of Gabon, notably in Write an assignment for me the in the Mayombe region (border of. keloids (each motif is supposed to Help, represent one of the twelve original tribes in the Punu-Bayaka tradition) suggests an. origin in the region south of Mouila, towards Ndende or Tchibanga, near to an assignment for me brief, the mountain chain of Mayombe, according. the Perrois (idem.). the editing dc patina, reflecting great age the shape of the mouth#8212;of an #8216;ancient#8217; type according to Perrois (ibid.), also seen on a. mask from the Chambon collection, Geneva, collected in 1905 by Francois Coppier (Perrois, 1979:242, ill. 257). Compare also with another mask from the collection of Andre Lhote, in the collection of the Dapper Museum, Paris. (Dapper, 1995:87). This second mask shows a similar striated band across the an assignment brow. the rarity of the Homework is bad type, and the exceptional beauty of Write this mask, make is How to essay highly unique.

One can note specifically the. dynamic modelling of the face as well as the plastic qualities. The artist has carved the face in an assignment for me very light relief, giving an. expression of great serenity. of Monique Koumba-Manfoumbi, 1987 and Alisa Lagamma, 1995. The masks serve in college essay personal both community rituals and. An Assignment Brief. important events of the village. In certain cases, the Dissertation editing dc masked dancers, perched on stilts, ritually confront each other at. important discussions, each aided by his followers, to Write an assignment, insist the point of view of one group onto the other. genderless attribute, signifies peace, the dieties, the spirts of the dead, and How to an english essay ib, the afterlife. The domed forehead, high cheek bones, delicately etched eyes, high arched eyebrows, beautiful coiffure, and streamlined chin all represent feminine beauty of the Punu people. The scarification arranged in a lozenge on the forehead and Write, the the of the be a good first for writing a descriptive hair style similar to a. bivalve shell are also feminine attributes.

It is Write for me brief said that the scarification has sexual meaning, an arguement that supports that that these masks are female representations. Essay Best. Those. without sarification are said to be male. The lozenge generally is made up of Write for me brief nine fish. College Essay. scales. To the Punu people, the number nine in multiples of three has symbolic meaning, reoccuring in many rituals and ceremonies. The details of the carving are magnificant, showing excellent carving techniques. Click on the images to view this mask in more detail.

One interpretation states that the incised line between the nose and the ears represents a. decorative chain of an assignment jewelry. covering his entire body made of skins and is bad quotes, raffia. The dancer tilts this mask forwardand. preforms acrobatic tricks on the stilts, carrying a whip of dried grasses in each hand,creating. unusual sounds. As this dancer towers over his spectators, he is said to be dancing between. the living world and an assignment for me brief, the world of the ancestors. (Seiber and college, Walker 80) (Ray) (Perrois) The White Masks of Write an assignment for me brief South Gabon in the magazine ART TRIBAL - number 8 (part 1) and How to, number 9 (part 2)

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In the Which be a good first step a descriptive essay third chapter, we investigate the impact of relative bargaining power of firms over creditors during bankruptcy on an assignment for me brief ex-post firm performance, once the firm emerges out of bankruptcy. Although existing theories predict a causal link between firm opaqueness and firm cash holdings, endogenous and coarse measures of opaqueness hinder the identification of this link. Using the discontinuous requirement of letter financial reporting introduced by Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Section 404, we estimate the causal effect of opaqueness on Write cash holdings. We show that firms that comply with Section 404 and provide more reliable information exhibit lower cash holdings compared to observationally similar firms. Further, compliant firms that hold less cash exhibit higher R D expenditures relative to non-compliant firms. This difference sheds light on the opportunity costs of holding cash. In the second chapter, we develop a theory of securitization in which the securitization of quotes large asset pools leads to a reduction in Write an assignment idiosyncratic risk but an increase in systematic risk, and the originate-to-distribute model of securitization is not sufficient for this result. Homework? The model is one in which the originator's screening incentives are endogenized, and screening and pooling of loans in securitization have both idiosyncratic and systematic risk consequences. The originator's screening incentives are affected by career concerns as well as by the impact of for me screening on the risk of the securitized portfolio.

The effect of securitization on in writing an essay idiosyncratic risk and systematic risk occurs via a dilution of the originator's screening incentives, with greater dilution occurring as more loans are added to Write an assignment for me brief, the pool being securitized. College Essay Personal? Further, when we endogenize the information acquisition incentives of the investors who purchase securitized claims, we find that there is an interaction between these incentives and the screening incentives of originators. Write An Assignment Brief? A weakening of the issuer's screening incentives leads to weaker incentives for Homework quotes, investors to become informed and for me brief, a higher valuation uncertainty, creating a feedback effect that further weakens the issuer's screening incentives. In the third chapter of my thesis evaluates the impact of bargaining between management and creditors on bankruptcy outcome and ex-post efficiency of bankruptcy resolution. We find that firms in which creditors (management) exerts greater (lower) influence in the negotiation process are more likely to be liquidated.

Increase in power of conclude an english creditors during the bankruptcy negotiations is associated with lower likelihood of re-filing and superior post-bankruptcy profitability among firms that emerge. However such ex-post efficiency gains come at a cost as increase in power of creditors also leads to a lengthier bankruptcy. The unique aspect of Write an assignment for me brief our analysis is our ability to correct for the selection bias engendered by essay ib our focus on an assignment firms that emerge out of bankruptcy using the Help Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BACPA) passed in 2005 as an exogenous shock to the likelihood of Write for me brief liquidation. How To An English Essay Ib? Collectively, our results lend credence to the idea of allocating greater power to creditors in bankruptcy proceedings. International Finance And Financial Crises Essays In Honor Of Robert P Flood Jr. Author by : Robert P. Flood. Publisher by : International Monetary Fund. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 506. File Size : 40,8 Mb.

Description : This book contains the proceedings of a conference held in honor of Robert P. Flood Jr. An Assignment Brief? Contributors to the conference were invited to address many of the How to topics that Robert Flood has explored including regime switching, speculative attacks, bubbles, stock market voloatility, macro models with nominal rigidities, dual exchange rates, target zones, and rules versus discretion in for me brief monetary policy. The results, contained in this volume, include five papers on topics in international finance. Essays In Honor Of Edwin Mansfield. Author by : Albert N. Link. Publisher by : Springer Science Business Media. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 619. File Size : 43,9 Mb.

Description : Edwin Mansfield was a research pioneer into the economics of R and services washington, D and Write, technological change. As appreciation and remembrance for his scholarly contributions, eminent scholars have contributed original papers for Which following would good first step for writing a descriptive essay, this edited volume. The authors have followed the Mansfieldian” approach of Write an assignment for me emphasizing economic insight and intuition over Custom essay best mathematical rigor and as a result are very accessable. Essays in Honor of Edwin Mansfield has the potential to serve as a reader in all advanced undergraduate and graduate classes/seminars in the economics of R and D and Write for me brief, technological change. Help? This edited volume will be the an assignment definitive work in Homework is bad the field. Author by : Baris Korcan Ak. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 522.

File Size : 43,6 Mb. Description : Financial statement analysis has been used to assess a company's likelihood of financial distress - the probability that it will not be able to repay its debts. In the dissertation at hand, I provide two essays that add to Write an assignment for me, the literature on the application of financial analysis to an essay letter, distressed firms. The first chapter is titled Predicting Extreme Negative Stock Returns: The Trouble Score. This chapter examines the ability of accounting information to predict large negative stock returns. Write? The Trouble Score addresses an important gap in the literature. Existing distress risk measures focus on predicting the Help in writing an essay letter most extreme negative events such as bankruptcy. For Me Brief? However, such events are extremely rare and an essay letter, capture only the most financially distressed firms. There are many firms that experience financial distress but do not declare bankruptcy. By analyzing firms that experience a stock price decline of an assignment for me 50 percent or more, the T-Score enables researchers to editing, capture extreme negative outcomes for corporate shareholders beyond commonly used financial distress measures such as bankruptcies and technical defaults.

The second chapter is titled Relative Informativeness of Top Executives' Trades in Financially Distressed Firms Compared to Financially Healthy Firms. This chapter examines the informativeness of trades by top executives in an assignment brief firms experiencing varying levels of financial distress. Open-market transactions become differentially costly for the top executives of firms in in writing an essay financial distress. If insiders in a financially distressed firm buy the firm's stock, they expose their financial capital and their human capital to the risks associated with the firm, thus making their trade differentially costly. It is conjectured that if the managers sell, they are subject to Write an assignment for me brief, higher litigation risk.

These differential costs increase the credibility and therefore the informativeness of the signal extracted from top executives' trades in financially distressed firms. Consistent with this, I find that there is a positive association between top executives' trades and future fundamental firm performance only in the presence of financial distress. In addition, these trades provide incremental information about the likelihood of survival over the existing distress risk measures. I find that the editing services washington investors' reaction to the disclosure of top executives' purchases increases with the level of financial distress. Write Brief? The reaction is most negative following top executives' sales in the most financially distressed firms. Finally, I show that there is a delay in the price reaction following top executives' trades. A trading strategy that takes a long position in financially distressed firms in which insiders are net purchasers, earns future monthly abnormal profits of between 1.43 and 2.08 percent. This finding suggests that top executives' trades reveal information that can be used to distinguish financially distressed firms that have good future prospects. Essays In The Economics Of Fixed Income Securities. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 504.

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Total Download : 220. File Size : 40,9 Mb. Description : This volume summarizes the economic theorythe econometric methodology and Write an assignment, the empirical findings resulting from the new approach to econometric modelling of producer behaviour. Three Essays On Financial Distress Earnings Management And Post Earnings Announcement Drift. Author by : Shin-Ying Mai. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 988. File Size : 45,8 Mb. Description : Essay I: Alternative Approaches to Business Failure Prediction Models The main purpose of this essay is to Homework is bad quotes, compare the prediction accuracy of the widely used bankruptcy forecasting models: Altman's Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA) (1968), Ohlson's Logit model (1980), Zmijewski's Probit model (1984), and Shumway's Hazard model (2001). Since Hazard model is able to solve theoretically and empirically the an assignment brief inconsistency sample selection problem and to capture the time-varying covariates in the bankruptcy data, our empirical results show with cautiously chosen cutoff at 0.021 implied bankruptcy probability level, the out-of-sample hazard model with stepwise methodology results in Dissertation editing services washington classifying 82.7% of default firms and Write brief, 82.8% of non-default firms.

Essay II: The Relationship between Financial Distress and Earnings Management: An Empirical Evidence Prior research on the explicit incentives for earnings management has been inconclusive. This essay approaches this question with the association between earnings management and independence of audit committees. Quotes? To this end, we test the monitoring effectiveness of for me earnings management by fully and/or partially independent audit committees especially for financially distressed firms, for Custom essay online best, which managers have a strong motivation to manipulate reported earnings to camouflage the for me firm's weak performance. Our results show that independent audit committees monitor earnings management, especially upward adjustment of best reported earnings, of financially distressed firms more strictly than that of financially non-distressed firms. The results also show that fully independent audit committees are more effective in constraining earnings management than partially independent audit committees, supporting the Write for me requirement of Custom online best 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act for fully independent audit committees. Essay III: Re-Examining the Phenomenon of Post-Earnings Announcement Drift: Quadratic and brief, Quantile Regression Approach Previous studies show that there is model misspecification problem with the market model, which is failing to Which of the following would be a good step essay, capture the revision of systematic risk on earnings announcement. Write For Me? Nevertheless, the misspecification of the market model employed to estimate abnormal returns has been identified in many studies as a possible source that causes the Homework quotes drift. The empirical results show that the post-earnings announcement drift is no longer exist after we incorporate the estimated abnormal returns with the 50th quantile coefficients median coefficients (instead of the mean coefficients from OLS) into a quadratic market model to monitor how the an assignment for me brief market revises its assessment of systematic risk on the quarterly earnings announcement. Nonlinear Economic Dynamics And Financial Modelling. Author by of the would be a good first step a descriptive essay : Roberto Dieci. Publisher by : Springer.

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File Size : 55,9 Mb. Description : This dissertation addresses issues in corporate finance. Part I examines the litigation environment of a firm and its impact on Write an assignment brief financial policy. Chapter 1 discusses prior research, including theory and empirical results, related to firm performance, financial policy, and litigation. It provides the background to support the empirical analyses of an english Chapters 2 and 3. Chapter 2 examines the wealth effects of litigation events on the firms involved, as well as on their industry peers. I find that litigation events have a strong negative effect on both the firms sued, as well as their competitors. Chapter 3 examines whether managers use financial policy strategically when facing an increased risk of litigation claims. I find that greater litigation exposure leads firms to choose higher leverage. I show that this leverage increase is brought on by an active decision to repurchase shares. These repurchases appear to be financed with a combination of excess cash and short term debt as they coincide with a significant decrease in cash holdings and an increase in short term liabilities.

These firms also increase their use of operating leases, which, due to their priority in bankruptcy, have similar characteristics as secured debt. Finally, the effects seem to be stronger for firms with a higher probability of an assignment for me brief bankruptcy. Part II asks whether there is a disposition effect in corporate investment decisions. Chapter 4 provides a summary of the existing literature related to the disposition effect and discusses both theoretical and Dissertation washington, empirical findings. In Chapter 5, I utilize the unique nature of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) to test for the presence of the disposition effect in corporate investments. The results show strong statistical evidence that REIT managers tend to sell winners and hold losers, where winners and losers are defined using changes in properties' prices since they were acquired.

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File Size : 48,8 Mb. Description : The behaviour of for me brief US productivity since this book was originally publishedin 1994, has added new relevance to the relationship between profits and productivity. In the long run, productivity growth determines the economic standard of living. This book is divided into three parts: the basis of the first is the empirical finding that, controlling for normal business cycle effects, productivity grows faster when profits have been low than otherwise. The second part discusses how to measure marginal cost using time series data and the third tests a basic assumption that productivity growth is exogenous to labour and capital.

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Total Download : 326. File Size : 55,6 Mb. Description : This collection is the first comprehensive selection of readings focusing on corporate bankruptcy. Its main purpose is to explore the nature and efficiency of corporate reorganization using interdisciplinary approaches drawn from writing law, economics, business, and finance. Substantive areas covered include the role of credit, creditors' implicit bargains, nonbargaining features of bankruptcy, workouts of agreements, alternatives to bankruptcy, and proceedings in countries including the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, and Japan. An Assignment Brief? The Honorable Richard A. How To Conclude Essay Ib? Posner, Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, offers a foreword to the collection. Essays On The Relationship Between Stock Returns And Economic Fluctuations. Author by : Naohiko Baba. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 315.

File Size : 48,5 Mb. The Fall And Rise Of Freedom Of Contract. Author by an assignment : F. H. Buckley. Publisher by in writing an essay : Duke University Press. Format Available : PDF, ePub, Mobi. Total Download : 538.

File Size : 52,9 Mb. Description : Declared dead some twenty-five years ago, the idea of freedom of contract has enjoyed a remarkable intellectual revival. In The Fall and Rise of Freedom of Write an assignment Contract leading scholars in How to an english essay the fields of contract law and law-and-economics analyze the Write for me new interest in bargaining freedom. The 1970s was a decade of regulatory triumphalism in North America, marked by a surge in Homework quotes consumer, securities, and environmental regulation. Legal scholars predicted the “death of contract” and its replacement by an assignment for me regulation and reliance-based theories of liability. Instead, we have witnessed the reemergence of free bargaining norms. This revival can be attributed to the rise of law-and-economics, which laid bare the intellectual failure of anticontractarian theories.

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Gregory S. Alexander, Margaret F. Brinig, F. Write For Me Brief? H. Buckley, Robert Cooter, Steven J. Eagle, Robert C. Ellickson, Richard A. Epstein, William A. Fischel, Michael Klausner, Bruce H. Kobayashi, Geoffrey P. Miller, Timothy J. Muris, Robert H. Nelson, Eric A. Posner, Robert K. Rasmussen, Larry E. Ribstein, Roberta Romano, Paul H. Rubin, Alan Schwartz, Elizabeth S. How To Conclude An English Ib? Scott, Robert E. Scott, Michael J. Trebilcock.

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